In general, an eSIM (embedded SIM) does not directly affect the battery life of a device. An eSIM is a digital SIM that is built into the device hardware and it is used to connect to a mobile for data and voice services.
However, there are a few factors that could indirectly affect the battery life of a device with an eSIM. For example, if the device is constantly searching for a network signal or experiencing poor network coverage it may drain the battery more quickly. Similarly, if the device is actively using mobile data or making voice calls it can also consume more battery power.
It is worth noting that eSIMs can provide certain benefits that may help improve battery life in some cases. For example, eSIMs are built into the device and do not require a physical SIM card, they may allow for more efficient use of space inside the device, which could potentially lead to a larger battery or other power-saving features. Additionally some eSIM-enabled devices may allow for more advanced power management features such as automatically switching between different network modes (e.g. 4G and 5G) based on signal strength and other factors which can help to optimise battery usage.